What are the Types of yarn?

What is yarn?

Yarn is a continuous linear object made of various textile fibers. It is thin and soft, and has the basic properties needed for textile processing and final product. Yarns are mainly used in weaving shuttle, knitted, braided and some non-woven fabrics, with a few existing directly in the form of linear textiles, such as all kinds of sewing thread, plush thread, to embroider thread, cord and other miscellaneous thread.

Ways to sort the yarns

1. Sort by yarn material:

(1) pure spinning

Pure spinning is a kind of yarn made of fiber materials, such as cotton yarn, wool yarn, hemp yarn and silk yarn. These yarns are suitable for making pure textile fabrics.

(2) blended yarn

Blended yarn is a yarn made of two or more fibers, such as polyester and cotton blended yarn, wool and viscose blended yarn, etc. . Such yarns are used in fabrics to highlight the advantages of both fibers.

2. Sort by yarn size:

(1) roving yarn

Roving refers to yarn of 32 testers and above ( 18 testers and below) . This kind of yarn is suitable for thick fabric, such as tweed, rough cloth, etc. .

(2) medium yarn

Medium yarn refers to 21-32 special yarn (19-28 inch ) . This type of yarn is suitable for medium and heavy fabrics, such as plain cloth, Gabardine, khaki and so on.

(3) fine count yarn

Fine count yarns are yarns of 11 to 20 terabytes (29 to 54 inch ) . This kind of yarn is suitable for thin fabric, such as fine cloth, poplin and so on.

(4) extra fine count yarn

Ultrafine yarns are yarns of 10 testers or less (58 inches or more, system) . This kind of yarn is suitable for high-grade fine fabrics, such as high-count shirts, worsted sweater and so on.

3. Sort by spinning system:

(1) worsted yarn

Worsted yarn, also called combed yarn, refers to the process of combed yarn, including combed cotton yarn and combed wool yarn. The parallel straightness of the fibers in the yarn is high, evenness and smoothness, but the cost is higher, the yarn count is higher. Combed yarn is mainly used for high-grade fabrics and knitted materials, such as spinning, Gabardine, Tweed, sweater and so on.

(2) roving

Woolen yarns, also called woolen or carded cotton yarns, are yarns that are carded according to a general spinning system and are spun without combing. The short fiber content is more in the coarse spinning, the fiber parallel straightness is bad, the structure is loose, the wool is many, the yarn count is lower, the quality is bad. This kind of yarn is used for general fabric and knitting raw materials, such as woolen fabrics, cotton fabrics and so on.

(3) waste spinning

Waste spinning refers to the use of textile scraps (waste cotton) or mixed with low-grade raw materials into the yarn. Yarn quality is poor, soft, uneven, containing impurities, poor color and lustre, generally only used to weave coarse cotton blanket, thick flannelette and packaging cloth and other low-grade fabrics.

4. Sort by method of spinning:

(1) ring yarns

Ring-spun yarn is a kind of yarn which is twisted by traditional spinning method on ring spinning frame. The inner and outer winding links the fibers in the yarn, which has compact structure and high strength, but the production efficiency is limited by a set of mechanism to complete twisting and winding at the same time. This kind of yarn is widely used in all kinds of fabrics, knots, rope.

(2) free end yarn

Free-end yarn is a kind of yarn made by condensing and twisting fibers in the high-speed rotating rotor flow field or in the electrostatic field.

(3) air flow yarn

Air-flow yarn, also known as rotor spinning, is the use of air will be fiber in the high-speed spinning cup condensation twist output into yarn. The yarn structure is more fluffy than ring-spun yarn, wear-resistant, even, bright dyeing, but lower strength. This kind of yarn is mainly used for bulky and thick flat cloth, Flannelette with good hand feeling and knitted goods.

(4) electrostatic yarn

Electrostatic yarn is a kind of yarn which is produced by condensing and twisting fibers in electrostatic field. The yarn has the same structure as air-flow yarn and is used in the same way.

(5) vortex yarn

Vortex yarn is spinning with fixed vortex spinning tube instead of high-speed spinning cup. The yarn has more bending fibers, lower strength and worse evenness, but better dyeing and abrasion resistance. This kind of yarn is used for pile fabric, such as fleece, sportswear, etc. .

(6) dust gauze

Dust cage yarn, also known as friction spinning, is the use of a pair of dust cage on the fiber coagulation and twisting spinning yarn. The yarn has a layered structure, the core twist is big, the handle is hard, the outer twist is small, the handle is soft. This kind of yarn is mainly used in industrial textiles, decorative fabrics, but also can be used in outerwear (such as overalls, protective clothing) .

(7) non-free end yarn

Non-free end yarn is a new kind of yarn which is different from free end yarn. In the process of twisting the fiber, the two ends of the fiber are held, not free end. The new yarn includes self-twisting yarn, air-jet yarn and core-spun yarn.

(8) self-twisting yarn

Self-twisting yarn is a new type of non-free end yarn, is through the reciprocating movement of the roller to twist two yarn, when the yarn parallel closely, by its untwist rotation force, twist each other into yarn. This yarn has an uneven twist, and there is an untwisted section on the yarn, so the yarn strength is lower. Suitable for the production of wool yarn and chemical fiber yarn, used in colorful fabrics and suede fabric is more suitable.

(9) air-jet yarn

Air-jet yarns are spun by twisting, wrapping and kinking the sliver with high-speed jet swirl generated by the Compressed air. The structure of the yarn is unique, the core is almost twist-free, and the fiber is wrapped randomly. The yarn is loose, rough in hand and low in strength. Such yarns can be processed into woven and knitted fabrics for men’s and women’s jackets, shirts, sportswear and workwear.

(10) core-spun yarn

Core-spun yarn is a kind of yarn which is spun with filament as core and wrapped with short fiber. It has the advantages of both core filament and wrapped short fiber. The common core filaments are polyester, Polyamide and spandex, and the outsourced staple fibers are cotton, polyester/cotton, acrylic, wool, etc. . Core-spun yarn is mainly used for sewing thread, shirt fabric, burnt-out fabric and elastic fabric.

5. Sort by use of yarn:

(1) yarn for weaving

Weaving yarn refers to the yarn used to process woven fabric, divided into warp and weft yarn two kinds. The warp yarn is used as the fabric longitudinal yarn, which has the characteristics of higher twist, higher strength and better abrasion resistance, while the weft yarn is used as the fabric transverse yarn, which has the characteristics of lower twist, lower strength and softness.

(2) yarn for knitting

Knitting yarns are the yarns used in knitted fabrics. The yarn is of high quality, low twist and moderate strength.

(3) other yarns

Including sewing thread, to embroider thread, knitting thread, miscellaneous thread, etc. . The requirements for these yarns vary according to their use.